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Serial Parallel
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The Blackfin Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is a High performance Fixed Point Processor that is Manufactured by Analog Devices, Inc. It has a 32 Bit Reduced Instruction Set (RISC) Processor Core, with an external 16 Bit Data Bus. A good PC analogy to draw upon here would be the Data Bus configuration of the Intel 80386SX chip.
Blackfin DSP's have a component designation of ADSP-BF5xx, where xx is a select number ranging between 12 and 61. Most devices within the range have a Single DSP Core, however the ADSP-BF561 is the exception to this rule (Dual Core). Wrapped around the Core processor are a select choice of Peripherals. The component designation determines the features from the following possibilities: Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART), Serial Periheral Interface (SPI), General Purpose Input Output (GPIO), Synchronous Programmable Serial Port (SPORT), Parallel Peripheral Interface (PPI), Timers, Analog to Digital Converter (ADC), Audio Coder / Decoder (Codec), Controller Area Network (CAN), Universal Serial Bus (USB), Ethernet, Two Wire Interface (TWI), Pulse Width Modulator (PWM), Direct Memory Access (DMA), Real Time Clock (RTC), Watchdog Timer, Joint Test Action Group (JTAG), and Flash Memory.
The DSP offerings run at speeds ranging from 200 MHz to over 600 MHz. The executed instructions are variable length (16,32,64 bits) with instruction completion times of up to three instructions per clock cycle. This translates to performances around 1800 MIPS, however this is extremely application dependant.
For Electronic Product Development it is important that the components are offered in Quad Flat Packs (QFP), which they are! The other packaging option is Ball Grid Array (BGA), however this makes the product more difficult to Manufacture and Test, in all facets of its life cycle. BGA devices require precise placement with reflow, and are extremely difficult to validate the interconnections except through the use of X-ray inspection, BGA optical inspection (Ersascope), or through Boundary Scan techniques. Where ever possible, choose the 176 pin LQFP package as a preference for any development work. The ADSP-BF531 or ADSP-BF532 would be good choices, as a basis for most applications!
David Willcocks is an Electronics professional, Trainer, and Technical writer. For more information on Digital Signal Processors please visit http://www.outbackelectronics.com
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
This time I will try to discuss about the USB (Universal Serial Bus). Currently, almost all computers have USB connectors are provided on the CPU it. This type of USB connector can connect with some hardware to your CPU.
Moreover, its operating system also supports a USB connection, making it easier to install quickly.
Some equipment already using USB:
- Printers connected to parallel ports, and most computers come with only one type of connection. Such as Zip drives, which require high speed when connected to a computer, usually using the ports parallel ports as well, very often face problems with limited speed.
- Modems used the serial port, as well as with some printers and various other things such as Palm Pilots and digital cameras. Most computers have at most two serial ports, and they are very slow in many cases.
- Devices that require faster connections came with their own card slot, which of course requires a match to get into the card slot inside the computer case. Unfortunately, a limited number of card slots
USB goal is to end all the complexities. Universal Serial Bus provides a single, has created a standard, easy to use to connect up to 127 devices to a computer.
Examples of devices that are using a USB connection:
* Printer
* Scanner
* Mice / Mouse
* Joysticks
* Flight yokes
* Digital camera
* Webcam
* Modem
* Speaker
* Video phone
* Storage devices, drives sepertiZip
* Network connections
Almost every computer you buy today comes with one or more Universal Serial Bus connectors on the back. These USB connectors let you attach everything from mice to printers to your computer quickly and easily.
The operating system supports USB as well, so the device driver installation quick and easy, too. Compared with other ways of connecting devices to your computer (including parallel ports, serial ports and special cards that you install inside the computer case), USB devices are simple amazing!
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Question about serial and parallel connections?
I know that a serial connect transmit 1 bit at a time, while parallel will transmit several bits at a time.
You would think that Parallel would be faster, yet today currently Serial connections are faster.
Why?
The problem with parallel connections, as they were, is that with multiple data lines and a single clock, skew due to imperfect balance between the lines and the clock limit the maximum speed.
High speed serial connections are generally self clocking, so do not require an additional clock line to synchronize.
A case in point is PCI-E, where X1 is a single serial line (lane), and the X16 commonly used for graphics is 16 lanes working in concert.
When you think about it, the data and read channel on a hard disk has always been serial, as has the data on CD/DVD, though there have been attempts at parallel tasking with more than one head reading at the same time.
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This entry was written by
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May 3, 2005 at 4:18 am, filed under
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